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İNGİLİZCE · A2 · 4 BÖLÜM · 10 FOTOĞRAF

Dün kedi yorgundu

The cat was tired yesterday.

1Bölümünü seç— ya da baştan sırayla ilerle

1. bölüm · Kelimeler

Dün nasıldı, neredeydi?

Şimdiki zamanda «yorgunum, parkta» derken am, is, are kullanıyorduk. Geçmişte «yorgundu, parktaydı» demek için was ve were kullanılır.

Kelimeye dokun; İngilizce okunuşunu dinle.

Devam

2. bölüm · Gramer

Geçmişte «olmak»: was · were

Türkçedeki -dı / -di / -ydı / -ydi (yorgundu, evdeydik) ekinin İngilizcedeki karşılığı iki kelimedir: tekillerde (I, he, she, it) was, çoğullarda ve «sen/siz»de (you, we, they) were.

Şimdiki zamandaki am ve is geçmişte birleşip was olur; are ise were olur:

Dün nerede ve nasıldı?

The cat was tired yesterday.it was

The cat was tired yesterday.

Kedi dün yorgundu.

It was very hungry in the morning.it was

It was very hungry in the morning.

Sabah çok açtı.

The cat was sick yesterday.it was

The cat was sick yesterday.

Kedi dün hastaydı.

It was cold and wet outside.it was

It was cold and wet outside.

Dışarısı soğuk ve ıslaktı.

They were at the station yesterday.they were

They were at the station yesterday.

Onlar dün istasyondaydı.

The two cups were on the table.they were

The two cups were on the table.

İki fincan masanın üstündeydi.

I was

I was at home all day.

Bütün gün evdeydim.

we were

We were in Ankara yesterday.

Dün Ankara’daydık.

En sık hata: They was at home. ya da You was late. Çoğul özneler (we, they) ve you her zaman were alır: They were at home.

İkinci büyük tuzak: I was go to work. was / were yalnız durum, yaş, hava ve yer anlatır (I was tired, I was at work); yalın bir eylem fiilinin (go, eat) önüne gelmez.

Şimdiki zaman ↔ Geçmiş zaman

Özne tekilse was, çoğulsa veya you ise were gelir.

ÖzneŞimdi (today)Geçmiş (yesterday)
II am tired.I was tired.
he · she · itIt is cold.It was cold.
youYou are late.You were late.
we · theyThey are here.They were here.
Devam

3. bölüm · Gramer

Olumsuz ve soru: wasn’t · weren’t · Was it …?

Olumsuz yapmak için yardımcı fiile gerek yoktur; doğrudan not eklenir: was not → wasn’t ve were not → weren’t.

Soru sorarken de Was ya da Were cümlenin başına geçer:

  • Was the cat tired yesterday? – Yes, it was.
  • Was it asleep on the bed? – No, it wasn’t.
  • Were you at home yesterday? – Yes, I was.

Değildi mi, öyle miydi?

The cat wasn’t hungry.wasn’t

The cat wasn’t hungry.

Kedi aç değildi.

Was the cat asleep? — No, it wasn’t.No, it wasn’t.

Was the cat asleep? — No, it wasn’t.

Kedi uyuyor muydu? — Hayır, uyumuyordu.

Was it warm in the basket? — Yes, it was.Yes, it was.

Was it warm in the basket? — Yes, it was.

Sepetin içi sıcak mıydı? — Evet, sıcaktı.

The glass wasn’t full.wasn’t

The glass wasn’t full.

Bardak dolu değildi.

weren’t

They weren’t at the office yesterday.

Dün ofiste değildiler.

Were you…?

Were you tired yesterday? — No, I wasn’t.

Dün yorgun muydun? — Hayır, değildim.

Where were…?

Where were you in the morning?

Sabah neredeydin?

There is / There are yapısı da geçmişte aynı kurala uyar: tekilde There was (There was a cat), çoğulda There were (There were two cups).

Soru kelimesi (Where, How, Why) varsa en başa gelir, hemen arkasına was / were geçer: Where were you yesterday?

Olumsuz, soru ve kısa cevap

Soruda Were you…? dense de tek kişi cevap verirken I was / I wasn’t der.

TürI · he · she · ityou · we · they
olumsuzIt wasn’t cold.They weren’t late.
soruWas she at home?Were you ready?
kısa cevap (+)Yes, she was.Yes, I was. / Yes, they were.
kısa cevap (–)No, she wasn’t.No, I wasn’t. / No, they weren’t.

Olumsuz kısaltmalar:

  • was not = wasn’t
  • were not = weren’t
Devam

4. bölüm · Alıştırma

was mı, were mi?

Öznenin tekil mi çoğul mu olduğuna bak ve doğru geçmiş biçimi seç.

  1. The cat … very tired yesterday.1

    The cat       very tired yesterday.

  2. They … at the station yesterday.2

    They       at the station yesterday.

  3. The bowl was full, but the cat … hungry.3

    The bowl was full, but the cat       hungry.

  4. … the cat asleep on the bed? — No, it wasn’t.4

          the cat asleep on the bed? — No, it wasn’t.

  5. 5

    Where       you yesterday? I was at home.

    Dün neredeydin? Ben evdeydim.

  6. The two cups … on the kitchen table.6

    The two cups       on the kitchen table.

  7. 7

    Were you sick yesterday? — No, I      .

    Dün hasta mıydın? — Hayır, değildim.

  8. The weather … warm yesterday; it was cold and rainy.8

    The weather       warm yesterday; it was cold and rainy.

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